Warshada Gaarka ah ee aluminium gariiradda aluminium xaashida aluminium
Bir cad cad oo qalin ah.Ductile.Alaabta waxaa badanaa laga sameeyaa ulo, go'yaal, foil, budo, xariijimo iyo fiilooyin.Hawada qoyan, waxay samayn kartaa lakabka filimka oksaydhka si looga hortago daxalka birta.Budada aluminiumku waxay si xoog leh u gubi kartaa marka hawada lagu kululeeyo oo ay sii deyso olol cad oo dhalaalaya.Waxay ku milmi kartaa sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide iyo xalalka potassium hydroxide, laakiin aan lagu milmin biyaha.Cufnaanta qaraabada 2.70.Barta dhalaalka 660 ℃.Barta karkarinta 2467 ℃.Aluminiumku waa curiyaha saddexaad ee ugu badan ee ugu badan qolofka dhulka, kadib Ogsajiinta iyo Silicon.
Aluminiumku waa bir khafiif ah oo silvery-caddaan ah.Waxay leedahay ductility.Badanaa waxaa laga sameeyaa tiirar, ulo, go'yaal, foil, budo, xariijimo iyo fiilo.
Waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa iftiinkeeda, korantada wanaagsan iyo kuleylka kuleylka, milicsiga sare iyo iska caabinta oksaydhka.
Isticmaalka walaxda waxay ku xiran tahay xad weyn oo ku saabsan sifooyinka walaxda.Sababtoo ah sifooyin badan oo aad u fiican, aluminiumku wuxuu leeyahay codsiyo aad u ballaaran.
Aluminiumka iyo aluminiumka aluminiumku waa mid ka mid ah qalabka ugu dhaqaalaha badan ee codsiyada kala duwan.Laga soo bilaabo 1956, wax soo saarka aluminium ee dunidu wuxuu ahaa birta ugu sareysa ee aan birta ahayn, oo dhaaftay wax soo saarka naxaasta.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wax-soo-saarka iyo qiyaasta aluminiumka (marka loo eego tan) waa labaad ee kaliya ee birta, oo noqda birta labaad ee ugu weyn ee bini'aadamku isticmaalo;Intaa waxaa dheer, kheyraadka aluminiumku aad bay u badan yihiin, marka loo eego xisaabinta hordhaca ah, kaydka macdanta aluminiumku waxay xisaabiyaan in ka badan 8% walxaha ka samaysan qolofka dhulka.
Miisaanka fudud iyo caabbinta daxalka ee aluminiumku waa labada astaamood ee muuqda ee waxqabadkeeda.
Cufnaanta aluminiumku aad bay u yar tahay, kaliya 2.7 g/cm³.Inkasta oo ay tahay mid jilicsan, waxaa laga samayn karaa aluminium aluminium kala duwan, sida aluminium adag, aluminium super adag, aluminium daxalaysan, aluminium tuuray, iwm. tareenada iyo maraakiibta.Intaa waxaa dheer, xaddi badan oo aluminium ah iyo aluminium alwaaxyadeed ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa gantaalada hawada, maraakiibta hawada sare iyo dayax-gacmeedyada macmalka ah.Tusaale ahaan, diyaarad supersonic ah waxay ka kooban tahay 70% aluminium iyo aluminium alwaaxdeeda.Aluminiumka ayaa sidoo kale si aad ah loogu isticmaalaa dhismaha markabka, qadarka aluminium ee loo isticmaalo markab weyn oo rakaab ah ayaa inta badan gaara dhowr kun oo tan.
Aluminiumku waxa uu ku xigaa lacagta, naxaasta iyo dahabka ee conductivity-ka, in kasta oo ay conductivity ka tahay 2/3 oo keliya naxaasta, laakiin cufnaanta waa 1/3 oo keliya oo naxaas ah, sidaas darteed gudbinta ee qadar isku mid ah oo koronto, tayada fiilada aluminium. waa kala badh silig naxaas ah.Filimka dusha sare ee aluminiumku ma aha oo kaliya inuu awood u leeyahay inuu iska caabiyo daxalka, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu leeyahay heerar gaar ah oo daboolaya, sidaas darteed aluminium ee warshadaha wax soo saarka korantada, warshadaha fiilooyinka iyo fiilooyinka iyo warshadaha raadiyaha ayaa leh adeegsi ballaaran.
Aluminiumku waa kaari wanaagsan oo kulaylka ah, kuleylkeeda kuleylku saddex jeer ayuu ka weyn yahay kan birta, sidaas darteed aluminiumka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa warshadaha si loo soo saaro kulaylka kala duwan, qalabka kuleylka kuleylka iyo qalabka wax lagu kariyo.
Aluminiumku wuxuu leeyahay ductility wanaagsan (ductility waa labaad oo kaliya dahab iyo qalin), in 100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃ waxaa laga samayn karaa khafiif ah 0.01 mm bireed aluminium.Foils-ka aluminiumka ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa baakadaha sigaarka, nacnaca, iwm. Waxa kale oo laga samayn karaa silig aluminium iyo aluminium strips, waxaana lagu rogi karaa alaabooyin kala duwan oo aluminium ah.
Dusha sare ee aluminium ma fududa in la daxaleeyo sababtoo ah filimka difaaca cufan ee oksaydhka, waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo reactors kiimikaad, qalabka caafimaadka, qalabka qaboojiyaha, qalabka sifaynta batroolka, dhuumaha saliidda iyo gaaska, iwm.
Budada aluminiumku waxay leedahay dhalaal cad oo qalin ah (midabka biraha guud ahaan inta badan waa madow marka ay budada ku jiraan), waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa samaynta dahaarka, oo loo yaqaan budada qalinka ah iyo rinjiga qalinka, si ay uga ilaaliso alaabta birta inay daxaleysato, waana qurux badan.
Gubashada aluminium ee ogsijiinta waxay soo saari kartaa kulayl badan iyo iftiin dhalaalaya, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo soo saarista walxaha qarxa, sida aluminium aluminium qarxa ah (laga bilaabo amooniyam amooniyam, budada dhuxusha, budada aluminiumka, madow madow iyo walxo kale oo dabiici ah oo guban kara), isku dhafka dabka. (sida bambooyinka iyo qolofka lagu sameeyay thermite aluminium ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu weeraro bartilmaameedyada ay adag tahay in la qabto dabka ama taangiyada, madaafiicda, iwm.) iyo isku darka iftiinka (sida ka kooban barium nitrate 68%, aluminium budada 28%, dacar 4%).
Thermite aluminium waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhalaaliyo biraha refractory iyo biraha alxanka, iwm.Budada aluminium iyo graphite, titanium dioxide (ama oksaydhyada biraha kale dhibic dhalaalaysa sare) in ratio gaar ah oo isku dar ah labis, dahaarka on birta, by calcination heerkulka sare oo ka samaysan dhoobada biraha u adkaysta heerkulka sare, waxa ay leedahay codsiyada muhiimka ah ee gantaalada iyo gantaalaha. farsamada.
Xaashiyaha aluminiumku waxa kale oo uu leeyahay sifooyin wanaagsan oo iftiin ah, oo ka tarjumaya iftiinka ultraviolet ee ka xoog badan qalinka, aluminiumku saafiga ah, ayaa ka sii fiicnaanaya awoodiisa wax-soo-saarka, sidaas darteed waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro muraayadaha tayada sare leh, sida muraayadaha shooladda qorraxda.
Aluminiumku wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin soo jiidasho leh iyo acoustics ka fiican, sidaas darteed aluminium sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa qolalka baahinta, saqafka dhismayaasha casriga ah ee casriga ah, iwm Qalabka heerkulka hooseeya, sida kaydinta qaboojiyaha, kaydinta qaboojinta, baabuurta barafka Antarctic, qalabka wax soo saarka hydrogen oxide.
Marka loo eego habka wax soo saarka iyo habka wax soo saarka ee aluminium: aluminium cayriin iyo aluminium la kariyey Aluminium cayriin: Halabuurka: in ka yar 98% aluminium, jajaban iyo adag, kaliya waxay u rogi kartaa alaabta wax lagu shubo ciidda.Aluminiumka la kariyey: Halabuurka: in ka badan 98% aluminium, jilicsan dabeecadda, waa la karin karaa ama la duubi karaa noocyo badan oo maacuunta ah.Marka loo eego nuxurka maaddooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee aluminiumka aluminiumka waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: aluminium saafi ah oo heer sare ah (aluminium aluminium ah 99.93% -99.999%), aluminium saafi ah oo warshadeed (aluminium aluminium ah 99.85% -99.90%) aluminium ka kooban 98.0% -99.7%).Marka loo eego kala soocida isticmaalka: Aluminium ingot for remelting: ka kooban 95% -99.7% aluminium, iibiyey sida alaabta ceeriin si dheeraad ah u habaysan.Aluminium la safeeyey: Iyada oo leh aluminium heer gaar ah sida walxo ceeriin ah, aluminium ka kooban 99.93% -99.996% aluminium guud ahaan waxaa lagu helaa habka dareeraha dareeraha ah ee saddex-lakab ah, kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo warshadaha korantada, kiimikooyinka iyo cuntada sababtoo ah caabbinta sare ee daxalka iyo sare. korantada iyo caagagga.Aluminium saafi ah oo sarreeya: Aluminium ka kooban 99.999% waxaa lagu helaa xoojinta jihada iyo habka nadiifinta tayada sare leh ee aluminium tayo sare leh sida alaabta ceeriin, taas oo loo isticmaali karo diyaarinta alaabta nadiifka ah iyo walxaha milicsiga.Xargaha aluminiumka: oo ka kooban 99.5% -99.6% aluminium, loo isticmaalo duubista siliga aluminium ee warshadaha fiilooyinka.Plate ingot: oo ka kooban 98% -99 aluminium, oo loogu talagalay warshadda aluminiumka ee taarikada calenders.Wareegga wareega: Waa wax soo saarka semi-dhammeeyay ee aluminium electrolysis warshad, bixinta extruded ingot xun ee mishiinka extrusion warshada aluminium.
